Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2024-03-01 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract： To address the challenges of fresh water shortage and soil quality decline in northern Xinjiang, a field experiment was conducted, investigating the effects of different irrigation water salinity levels and biochar application on the soil hydrothermal conditions, soil salinity, and cotton growth in cotton fields. Four biochar application levels (B0: 0 t·hm- 2, B1:20 t·hm- 2, B2:40 t·hm- 2, B3:60 t·hm- 2) and three irrigation water salinitylevels (S1:1 g·L- 1, S2:3 g·L- 1, S3:5 g·L- 1) were established. A two-factor completely randomized combination test was used to analyze the effects of these treatments on soil water and salt temperature distribution, cotton growth index, dry matter accumulation, yield, and water use efficiency. The findings indicated that increased biochar and irrigation water salinity levels raised soil water and salt content. Higher biochar application increased the average soil temperature, while irrigation water salinity notably influenced the average soil temperature (P <0.01). B2S2 treatment increased the cotton plant height, leaf area index, and aboveground dry matter. Optimal yield and water use efficiency occurred in the B2S2 treatment. In contrast, the B0S3 treatment displayed the lowest values, 18.50% and 26.87% lower in yield and water use efficiency, respectively, compared to the B2S2 treatment. A multiple regression equation, combined with normalization and spatial analysis, was established. The optimal biochar amount and irrigation water salinity range based on cotton yield and water use efficiency were 26-46 t·hm-2 and 2.45-3.04 g·L-1, respectively.
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2023-12-16 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract： This study used yield and water and fertilizer usage efficiency as targets to explore a magnetized water fertilization system suitable for tomato processing via drip irrigation under film. Four magnetized water samples with an intensity of 0 Gs (M0), 2000 Gs (M1), 3000 Gs (M2), and 4000 Gs (M3) as well as three nitrogen application levels of 200 kg N·hm−2 (N1), 250 kg N·hm−2 (N2), and 300 kg N·hm−2 (N3) were set up, and a split zone test design was adopted. Field experiments were conducted. By monitoring the soil moisture content, plant height, stem diameter, and above- ground biomass during the growth period of processed tomatoes, combined with the final yield index, the effects of magnetic nitrogen combination on the water and fertilizer usage efficiency of processed tomatoes were explored. The results showed that magnetized water drip irrigation significantly increased soil moisture content and soil water storage. Magnetic nitrogen coupling was also shown to significantly increase the soil moisture content in the 20- 40 cm soil layer. When the magnetized water intensity was 2270-3678 Gs and the nitrogen rate was 220-230 kg·hm-2, the growth of processed tomatoes was promoted. However, when the magnetization intensity was greater than 4000 Gs and the nitrogen rate was more than 250 kg · hm- 2, the growth of processed tomatoes could not be further improved. As magnetization was increased, the yield and water and fertilizer use efficiency of processed tomatoes increased before decreasing. As the nitrogen application rate was increased, the yield and water use efficiency increased, but the partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer decreased. Among them, the M2N3 treatment had the highest yield and water use efficiency (169.67 t ·hm- 2 and 35.61 kg ·m- 3), while the M2N1 treatment had the highest nitrogen partial productivity (822.54 kg·kg-1). Using regression and spatial analyses, the magnetic nitrogen range of yield, water use efficiency, and nitrogen partial productivity was 2270-3678 Gs and 220-230 kg N·hm- 2. This study can provide theoretical support for the scientific application of magnetized water and nitrogen fertilizer in tomato processing in Xinjiang and provide scientific guidance for optimizing the magnetic nitrogen combination configuration to improve the yield of tomato processing.
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2022-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract：非灌溉季节冻融过程中土壤水盐的运动变化特征，直接影响春季作物灌水决策。本文对新疆绿洲灌区6块不同滴灌年限的棉田地块进行田间采样监测，探究冻融过程中土壤水盐运移规律以及不同滴灌年限棉田土壤盐分累积特征。结果表明：（1）随滴灌年限的增加，棉田盐分分布特征由表层聚集转变为向深层累积。（2）在冻融过程中，棉田土壤盐分运动特征存在明显的地块差异，荒地（CK）和滴灌17 a、19 a、23 a地块出现返盐趋势，平均盐分通量为43.61 gm-2d-1、172.57 gm-2d-1、38.18 gm-2d-1和10.53 gm-2d-1。（3）消融期是荒地（CK）、13 a、15 a、17 a、19 a和23 a地块水分和盐分运移最活跃的时期，冻融后所有地块敏感区（0~60 cm）土壤贮水量分别增加了23.43mm、81.26 mm、31.68 mm、62.39 mm、96.98和69.64 mm。研究揭示了冻融过程中土壤水盐运移规律以及不同滴灌年限棉田盐分累积特征，可对新疆非灌溉季冻融条件下和长期滴灌下的土壤管理提供科学指导。
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