• 1990—2020年黄土高原典型县域植被覆盖变化及影响因素

    Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2024-03-01 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》

    Abstract: To explore the dynamic evolution of vegetation and its influencing factors in Ji County during the last 30 years, this study used Landsat images, along with meteorological, land use, and night light data. This study adopted trend, partial correlation, random forest, and residual analysis methods to explore the temporal and spatial variation-related characteristics in vegetation coverage and the influence of the climate and human factors on the vegetation changes in the County. (1) FVC in the study area demonstrated a significant upward trend from 1990 to 2020, with an annual growth rate of 0.49%, and the vegetation quality was distinctly higher. (2) The low and high rates of FVC had an obvious staggered spatial distribution. The proportion of areas with a marked enhancement in FVC was 51%, and a remarkable reduction in FVC was 7%. (3) Temperature and precipitation inhibited vegetation growth in the FVC high-value and built-up areas, but promoted vegetation cover in others. The contribution rates of climate change and human activities to vegetation dynamics were 53.43% and 46.57%, respectively, and were considered global influencing factors. When used as local variables, the relative contribution rates were reduced to 13.07% . Human activity was an essential factor affecting vegetation degradation in certain areas, such as the central and eastern parts of Jixian County, and the vegetation restoration in the west and south. This study can provide a scientific basis for the follow- up work of regional ecological restoration.

  • 气候变化和人类活动对锡林郭勒草原植被覆盖度的影响

    Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2021-06-13 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》

    Abstract:基于遥感、气象及统计数据,采用线性趋势法和残差分析法,在不同时空尺度上监测1982—2018年锡林郭勒草原草地植被覆盖度动态,量化气候变化和人类活动对植被变化的贡献率。结果表明:1982—2018年,锡林郭勒草原植被覆盖度及变化具有明显的空间异质性,草甸草原覆盖度呈显著增加趋势(P<0.01),荒漠草原覆盖度呈显著减少趋势(P<0.01)。2000年为旗县草地覆盖度变化的主要节点。人类活动是锡林郭勒草原植被动态的主导因素,研究区多年人类活动因素的综合贡献率为65.06%。中东部和南部部分区域植被在人类积极作用下得到了显著改善,但西部和北部荒漠草原区的植被仍然呈现退化趋势。建议加大荒漠草原区生态政策实施力度以保障草地生态系统的可持续性。

  • 毛乌素沙地风沙土粒径分布特征及其影响因素

    Subjects: Geosciences >> Other Disciplines of Geosciences submitted time 2019-09-11 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》

    Abstract:为揭示毛乌素沙地风沙土粒径分布特征,推测其影响因素,以毛乌素沙地流动、半固定和固定沙丘风沙土为研究对象,利用激光衍射技术分析其粒度组成,并计算粒度参数,解析粒配曲线,研究结果表明:(1)毛乌素沙地风沙土优势粒径组为细砂,其平均体积含量约为29.89%~32.46%,不同类型沙丘无显著差异(P>0.05);少数粒径组分为粗砂、黏粒和极粗砂,其中流动沙丘与半固定、固定沙丘黏粒与粗砂含量均无显著差异(P>0.05),从半固定到固定沙丘,黏粒含量显著增加(P0.05),峰态显著变宽平(P<0.05),半固定沙丘偏态值与其他2种沙丘相比显著偏负(P<0.05)。(3)流动、半固定与固定沙丘跃移组分的粒径区间分别为44~435 μm、63~500 μm和31~354 μm,风沙运动在半固定沙丘中最为强烈。毛乌素沙地风沙土优势粒径组分含量主要受物源影响,少数粒径组分含量主要受沙丘流动性影响,风沙运动强度随沙丘的固定呈先增大后减小的规律。

  • 基于生态足迹的中国四大沙地地区可持续评价

    Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2018-11-14 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》

    Abstract: 四大沙地是我国沙漠化最严重的地区,有效评价并对比四大沙地地区可持续水平对于区域发展具有重要意义。本研究基于社会经济统计数据,采用生产性生态足迹模型,评估并对比了我国四大沙地地区2000和2015年的生产性生态足迹和生态赤字/盈余状态,以揭示区域的可持续性。研究结果表明:2000—2015年,四大沙地地区人均生态足迹总体呈现增加趋势,毛乌素沙地地区人均生态足迹年均增长率最高,达20.85%增长量为79.21 hm2•人-1;人均生态足迹主要以化石能源足迹和草地足迹为主;2000—2015年四大沙地地区生态赤字程度在不断增强,毛乌素沙地地区人均生态赤字变化量最大,达79.51 hm2•人-1,造成赤字程度加大的主要原因是地区化石能源的大量生产。随着人们生活水平的提高,人们对资源的需求量也在不断增加,当前四大沙地地区社会经济的发展在一定程度上仍以自然资源大量生产和消耗为代价,经济发展和环境保护之间的平衡仍存在挑战,需要根据各地区的具体情况制定有针对性的管理措施,以维持区域的可持续发展。