Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2025-07-14 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract： Evapotranspiration, as a crucial component of the water cycle, is vital for water resource regulation and ecological protection, especially in arid regions where it plays a significant role in water consumption and redistribution. This study focuses on the Aksu River Basin and utilizes MOD16 evapotranspiration product data from 2001 to 2022 to systematically analyze the spatial and temporal variation patterns of actual evapotranspiration (AET) and potential evapotranspiration (PET); and to explore their influencing factors. The findings provide a scientific basis for regional water resource management and ecological environmental protection. The results indicate that: (1) The MOD16 product data are consistent with ET0 data (R² = 0.8133); and the product accuracy meets the requirements for studying the spatial and temporal distribution of evapotranspiration in the Aksu River Basin; (2) The multi-year average AET and PET are 168.36 mm and 1569.03 mm, respectively. AET shows an overall increasing trend, while PET exhibits a decreasing trend. There are significant differences in the spatial distribution of AET and PET, with opposite trends; (3) Over the past 22 years, AET in the Aksu River Basin has increased significantly, mainly in cultivated land, forestland, and oases, while PET has decreased overall but increased near the edges of oases and along river channels. AET is less stable than PET, and the Hurst indices of both indicate that future trends may change, with 56% of the area showing anti-persistence for AET and 89% for PET; (4) Changes in AET and PET are intrinsically linked to changes in climatic factors, with wind speed and relative humidity being the main driving factors influencing regional AET and PET variations. This study provides an important reference for water resource management and scientific utilization in arid regions.
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2025-02-27 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract： 20% of the domestic and irrigation water in the Aksu River Basin comes from groundwater, making it crucial to understand the distribution and formation of high-arsenic groundwater in this area. Based on hydrochemical and isotope results, graphical methods were used to analyze the hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater, the spatial distribution and forms of arsenic, revealing the arsenic occurrence environment combined with geological, geomorphological, and hydrogeochemical processes. The results show that：The single structure phreatic water is alkaline oxidizing brackish water, while phreatic water in the confined water area is alkaline weakly oxidizing saline water, and the confined water is alkaline reducing fresh water. The As content ranges from 0.05 to 160 µg/L, with a rate of exceeding the standard being 19.5%. The hydrochemical types of high-arsenic groundwater are mainly Cl·SO4-Na、SO4·Cl -Na·Ca、Cl-Na, distributed in confined water and phreatic water in the confined water area in the downstream of Aksu River and Tailan River at a depth of 10～42m. From mountain front to the fine soil plain, the occurrence environment changes into an oxidation -weak oxidation - weakly oxidizing to reducing. The arsenic content and saturation index of groundwater generally show an increasing trend. The single structure phreatic water and confined water are mainly controlled by water-rock interaction, while the phreatic water in the confined water areas is mainly controlled by evaporation concentration. The distribution of groundwater arsenic is mainly related to structural factors, with realgar dissolution being the primary natural source. The arid climate, geological and geomorphological conditions, and hydrogeological conditions create external conditions for the enrichment of high-arsenic groundwater. Factors such as pH, desulfurization process, Eh, and groundwater circulation patterns affect arsenic release. This study helps us understand the formation and evolution of high-arsenic groundwater in the Aksu River Basin, which is of great significance for ensuring water supply safety.
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2024-07-30 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract：2023年4月23日和5月6日阿克苏地区东部出现极端低温霜冻天气（简称“4.23”过程和“5.6”过程），尤其“5.6”过程库车市出现历史最晚终霜。基于常规观测、L波段探空、NCEP/NCAR1°×1°逐6 h再分析等资料，利用天气动力学方法对比分析2次极端低温过程环流背景，高低空配置、冷空气及冷平流强度、锋生作用等，探讨极端低温霜冻成因。结果表明：（1）两者有共性也有差异，共性表现在2次过程500 hPa阿克苏地区东部均受低槽（低涡）后部西北气流携带冷空气影响，且温度梯度大，锋区增强；均有深厚冷平流自阿克苏西部沿高层偏北气流向阿克苏地区东部低层下传；低温时段贴地层均有逆温和明显锋生，锋生与冷空气进入南疆盆地的路径及低温持续时间对应，且高层能量锋区较强，中低层锋区在增强过程中有斜压不稳定发展；均在霜冻出现前6 h冷平流强度增至最大，冷平流与8 ℃以上降温区域对应较好，且850 hPa温度降至3~4 ℃，对低温霜冻预报有一定指示性。（2）不同点在于“4.23”过程冷空气为西北路径，西翻和东灌冷空气共同影响阿克苏地区，贴地层逆温明显偏强，为辐射+平流降温；“5.6”过程冷空气为偏北路径，较强冷高压翻越天山进入南疆盆地，同时有东灌冷空气补充，影响范围大、逆温弱但整层降温明显，以辐射降温为主。（3）“5.6”过程低涡在新疆维持时间长，其冷空气及锋区强度、假相当位温梯度及影响时间均较“4.23”过程更强，灾害更重。
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2024-07-04 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract： Net Ecosystem Productivity (NEP) is a crucial indicator for assessing the arbon sequestration capacity of terrestrial ecosystems, and Land Use/Cover Change (LUCC) is a key factor influencing regional differences in carbon uptake. Analyzing the trends of LUCC and NEP is essential for achieving regional carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. Based on the LUCC and MODIS remote sensing data from 2000 to 2020 in the Aksu River Basin, the annual average carbon sequestration rate of each land use/cover type in the region was estimated. The LUCC for the next 40 years was simulated by the PLUS model, and the spatial and temporal trend of NEP for the next 40 years in the river basin was predicted. The results show that: (1) the total NEP in the basin has shown an increasing trend in the past 20 years, with an uptake rate of 0.136 Mt C·(10a)-1, and the average carbon sequestration rate of forest area is the highest; (2) the total carbon uptake in the Aksu River Basin will continue to increase in the future 40 years. The increase in forest area is the main way of increasing carbon uptake in the Aksu River Basin, and the positive role of ecological protection projects plays a key role in this process.
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2024-07-04 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract： It is of great significance for scientific management and efficient utilization of water resources in the basin to deeply explore the information of internal conversion process of land use types, measure the impact of land use change intensity on evapotranspiration, and accurately evaluate the temporal and spatial variation of ET. Based on the intensity analysis model, the intensity change characteristics of land use types at different levels in the Aksu River Basin from 2000 to 2020 and their impact on the actual evapotranspiration of the basin were revealed. The results showed that : ( 1 ) At the time interval level, the intensity of land use change in the basin increased first and then decreased, and the change was the most active from 2000 to 2005. At the land type level, the increase and decrease of cultivated land, construction land, water area and forest land area are more active. The increase of cultivated land area at the transfer level mainly comes from grassland ( 54.31% ) and unused land ( 26.26% ). ( 2 ) The average annual evapotranspiration of the basin is 166.56 mm. The interannual fluctuation is large, and the overall trend is increasing, with an annual growth rate of 3.68 mm·a-1. Evapotranspiration from April to October accounted for 71.76% of the annual evapotranspiration. The high value of actual evapotranspiration is distributed in mountainous forest land and cultivated land in plain area, and the low value area is distributed in piedmont desert area and oasis and desert transition zone. ( 3 ) The results of principal component analysis show that the driving force of ETa change in Aksu River Basin is the conversion intensity of grassland, cultivated land and unused land. The correlation coefficient between land use change intensity and actual evapotranspiration is 0.87, and there is a strong correlation between the two.
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2024-05-20 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract：由于造景岩石普遍为钙质和铁质胶结的砂岩和砾岩，丹霞地貌具有独特的景观特征和成因机制，同时因具有较高的科学和观赏价值而成为备受关注的旅游资源。东南湿润区丹霞地貌的研究程度较高，但是对西北干旱气候区丹霞地貌的研究还比较少见。以新疆阿克苏温宿大峡谷为研究对象，通过野外调查、样品显微镜观察、盐化学和元素地球化学实验以及ArcGIS面积高程积分（Hypsometric integral，HI）方法，探讨该地区丹霞地貌的特征和成因。结果显示：（1）研究区呈现峡谷、山峰及峰林景观，以发育陡崖泥流林和顶盖型石柱为特色，其造景岩石主要为新近纪河流相红色砾岩和砂岩，硬度较高的砾岩层为形成顶盖型石柱提供了有利保障。（2）红层位于温宿盐丘附近，岩石含盐量较高，主要的盐类型为氯化物、硫酸盐和硝酸盐。陡崖洞穴风化碎屑物样品中的大部分主量元素相对于表岩迁出，说明干旱气候下化学风化仍较活跃。（3）面积高程积分显示研究区南部HI值为0.61，处于幼年期，而北部HI值为0.38，处于老年期，整体地貌演化发育阶段差别较大。研究区虽然降水量较低，但河流侵蚀作用明显，同时构造也是影响丹霞地貌演化的主要因素。
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2024-03-01 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract： The Aksu River Basin exhibits a typical oasis- desert pattern and is a significant ecological barrieralong the Belt and Road. Rivers are crucial to the stability and development of ecosystems in arid regions. In the1980s, the ecological environment of the Aksu River Basin faced severe environmental problems. Severalecological restoration projects have been implemented since 1986 to address these issues, resulting inimprovements to the ecological environment. In this study, five counties and cities within the Aksu River Basinwere selected as the study area to establish an ecological safety network. This network, which is of great researchvalue and significance, was constructed by identifying ecological source areas, building an ecological resistancesurface, extracting ecological corridors, and recognizing ecological pinch points and ecological barrier points inthe Aksu River Basin. To identify and extract the ecological source areas, a morphological spatial pattern analysiswas employed. Based on the physical geography and climate characteristics of the region, seven factors wereselected to build an ecological resistance surface. Using the ecological sources and resistance surface as afoundation, the ecological corridors within the basin were identified. Furthermore, the data from five periods(1980, 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020) were compared and analyzed to reveal changes in the ecological safetynetwork over time. Additionally, an ecological network optimization plan was developed by identifyingecological pinch points and obstacles within the basin as of 2020. The research findings indicated the following:(1) Over the 40-year period, ecological restoration, and afforestation projects positively impacted the ecologicalenvironment of the Aksu River Basin. The ecological source area increased by 6%, almost double its previoussize. (2) Due to the process of urbanization and industrial development, the resistance value of the river basingenerally increased slightly. Areas with high resistance values were evident around towns in the economicallydeveloped areas of Aksu City. (3) Ecological corridors were mainly concentrated in the central and northern partsof the basin, with six new corridors added during the study period, indicating a denser ecological network and amore stable ecosystem than before. (4) The ecological network included 12 pinch points and seven barrier pointsin 2020. Based on these points, the government could implement ecological restoration to improve the resilienceof the ecological network and propose corresponding improvement measures for land cover types. This researchcan provide a reference for ecological network restoration, key area identification, and land space optimizationalong the Belt and Road against the background of dual carbon. Furthermore, this study provides new inspirationfor green development in arid basins.
Subjects: Geosciences >> Atmospheric Sciences submitted time 2023-03-14 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract： Because of its unique geographic location and landform, Aksu Prefecture, located in the midwest of southern Xinjiang, is prone to gale weather when the surface cold air is forceful. For better knowledge of its mechanism, the fine characteristics and its effect system, and dynamic and thermal conditions of the rare gale over the Tianshan Mountains over Aksu Prefecture from August 15th to 18th , 2019 are assessed, based on conventional and intensive detecting, radiosonde observation, and the National Center for Environmental Prediction reanalysis data. The outcomes are as follows. This gale is known as a persistent gale. The blocking high over Eastern Europe has developed to strengthen against the circulation background, and the Central Asia low vortex has been maintained for a long time, with three short waves split and moving east. It is caused by movement energy converted from cold air potential energy when the upper-level jet stream and low-level cold advection work perfectly together. There are three gale waves, all of which are caused by cold air being guided over the Tianshan Mountains by the upper trough. The gale lasted only a few minutes for the first two times, triggered by a short-wave trough. The gale last time lasted for a long time, triggered by the main trough moving east. For the first time, the gale wave was composed of convective thunderstorm winds with instantaneous wind speeds reaching the grade 12. It benefits the strengthening and preservation of the strong vertical motion and secondary circulation caused by the high-level jet, middle-level convergence, and low-level divergence.
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2023-01-17 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract：植被生态质量是评价陆地生态系统的重要指标，如何使用遥感技术研究植被质量状况时空演变规律对生 态文明建设具有重要的参考价值。阿克苏地区作为我国典型的气候变化敏感区与生态环境脆弱区，研究其植被生 态状况具有重要的现实意义。本文结合多源遥感数据与气象观测资料，探究了阿克苏地区20002021年生长季 59月植被生态质量时空变化及其对气候变化与人类活动的响应。结果表明：（1）20002021年，阿克苏地区植 被覆盖度、植被净初级生产力呈上升趋势，植被绿度显著提升（; 2）20002021年，阿克苏地区植被生态质量呈稳 步上升趋势，且绿洲边缘荒漠、裸地区域植被生态质量上升区域面积显著扩张；（3）阿克苏绝大部分地区的植被生 态质量指数（VEQI）变化的主导因素为人类活动，而仅在温宿县北部等小部分区域，气候变化主导了VEQI的变化。 本文利用多个植被生态参数分析了阿克苏地区近22 a植被生态质量时空变化及其驱动因素，可为地区生态文明建 设提供数据基础和技术支撑。
Subjects: Geosciences >> Hydrology submitted time 2022-04-12 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract：生态输水调度是生态保护和恢复最有效的措施之一，实施生态输水对恢复干旱半干旱地区天然生态系统、维护绿洲生态系统健康具有重要意义。结合阿克苏河流域生态输水现状，在识别自然植被重点区和估算生态需水的基础上，建立了基于生态恢复目标的流域生态输水调度优化框架。首先采用高分系列影像识别自然植被信息，建立阿克苏河流域20152020年自然植被数据集，逐像元统计自然植被出现频次确定了艾希曼湖湿地区、第一师边缘胡杨林区、五团边缘胡杨林区3个自然植被重点区，面积达1257.69 km2；借助面积定额法和水量平衡法估算3个自然植被重点区的生态输水量分别为1.53108 m3、2.73108 m3、1.14108 m3；确定了流域生态输水的最佳时间为59月，单次或2次进行生态输水，建议单次生态输水量大于0.2108 m3且输水天数大于10 d；渠系网络分析显示3个自然植被重点区设置的8个输水口可以作为今后生态输水路径的参考。研究结果对阿克苏河流域生态输水调度、生态用水精细管理等具有重要的指导价值。
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2021-10-10 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract： 阿克苏河流域作为西北干旱区内陆河，生态环境极为脆弱，研究其生态安全格局对优化区 域国土空间开发保护格局，推动生产生活方式向绿色转型，促进人与自然和谐共生具有重要战略 意义。基于研究区本底特征，运用空间主成分分析法（SPCA）对阿克苏河流域 1980—2018 年生态 承载力时空演变进行评估监测，利用最小累积阻力（MCR）模型提取生态廊道及生态节点，构建生 态安全格局。研究表明：（1）阿克苏河流域生态承载力空间差异明显，以中等承载为主，生态承载 优势区呈现由中东部向西部转移趋势。（2）阿克苏河流域生态承载力呈增长趋势。近 40 a 阿克苏 河流域整体生态承载力呈上升趋势，强承载区面积不断增加，弱承载区面积呈现波动下降趋势，表 明流域环境有所改善。（3）生态源地占整体面积较少，分布较为集中。根据生态承载力评估结果， 提取生态源地 23465.21 km2，约占研究区面积的 35.61%。生态源地集中分布于流域中部地区，北部 高山地区与西南部盆地、沙漠地区分布较少。（4）利用 MCR 模型及遥感影像，将阿克苏河流域划分 为 16 个生态安全格局分区，提取生态廊道 67 条，识别生态节点 71 处，并结合生态承载力评估结果， 对流域生态空间结构提出优化建议。
Subjects: Geosciences >> Hydrology Subjects: Physics >> General Physics: Statistical and Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Information, etc. submitted time 2021-10-10 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract： 萨雷扎兹河发源于吉尔吉斯斯坦（以下称吉国），入境水量约占阿克苏河水量的44.3%，对 确保阿克苏地区经济社会的可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。近年来，吉国计划在萨雷扎兹河（阿克苏河上游）进行水资源开发，将会影响处于下游的我国境内阿克苏河流域的水资源量。基于 阿克苏河流域的径流数据，定量分析了萨雷扎兹河的径流变化特征和不同开发情景对阿克苏河下 游径流的影响。结果表明：在 1958—2015 年，萨雷扎兹河年径流整体呈显著上升趋势；径流的年内 分配差异较大，主要集中在 7、8 月；春、冬两季径流呈显著增长趋势，夏、秋两季呈微弱增长趋势；从 年代际变化看，除 1958—1959 年为偏枯水时段，1990—1999 年为偏丰水时段外，剩下的时间段均为 平水时段。吉国跨流域调水工程建设将对阿克苏河径流产生重大影响。从季节尺度分析，跨流域 调水工程建设将导致阿克苏河下游径流呈减少状态，其中夏季敏感性最高；从年尺度分析，跨流域 调水工程建设将导致阿克苏河下游径流呈减少状态，而且随着调水量的增多，阿克苏河下游径流 不断减少。研究结果可以为我国政府在处理吉国跨流域调水工程建设对阿克苏河径流产生影响 的问题上提供一定的参考。
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geochemistry submitted time 2019-11-14 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract： 本文以新疆阿克苏市为研究区，利用1990—2015年统计数据，运用熵值法、多目标线性加权函数法和协调度模型，研究新疆阿克苏市城镇化与耕地集约利用水平及其耦合协调关系。结果表明：①阿克苏市城镇化水平在研究期大幅度提高，城镇化水平得分值从1990年的0.046增加到2015年的0.330，但总体水平不高。不同时期城镇化水平发展速度有所差异，1990—2004年缓慢发展，2005年开始进入快速发展阶段。经济城镇化和社会城镇化水平得分值较高，人口城镇化水平低于其他城镇化水平，经济城镇化对推动阿克苏市城镇化起主导作用。②耕地集约利用总体水平较低。在研究期呈先缓慢增长后缓慢下降趋势，但变化幅度不大。1990—2009年耕地集约利用水平缓慢上升，得分值为0.129~0.193；2010—2015年缓慢下降，得分值为0.191~0.167。耕地社会投入水平、利用效率和持续状况波动较大，2008年开始耕地面积大幅度增加，导致研究后期耕地集约利用水平出现下降趋势。③城镇化水平和耕地集约利用水平协调度呈先上升后下降趋势，1990—2011年协调度等级从轻度失调发展为优质协调，2012—2015年下降到濒临失调状态。协调发展度从1990年的0.42上升到2012年的0.78，2013—2015年下降到0.75，协调发展度等级从1990年的濒临失调发展类转变为2015年的中级协调发展类，1990—2010年为城镇化滞后型，2011—2015年为耕地集约利用滞后型。
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