Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2024-01-28 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract：利用2012年1月至2021年12月青海省50个国家气象站和39个公路沿线交通气象站地面气象观测中的逐日降水量数据、地理信息数据、社会经济数据，在分析公路沿线暴雨洪涝发生发展规律、时空分布特征和不同强度降雨日数空间分布特征的基础上，采用层次分析法、自然断点法等方法对暴雨洪涝致灾因子风险指数、孕灾环境风险指数、承灾体风险指数、防灾减灾能力风险指数及风险综合指数空间特征进行了总结，并运用公路沿线暴雨洪涝灾害风险的孕灾环境、气象风险及防灾减灾能力等因子，构建了公路沿线暴雨洪涝灾害风险模型。结果表明：（1） 青海省公路沿线不同强度降雨日数空间分布总体呈由东南向西北递减，致灾因子危险性最高风险区至次高风险区路段包括国道G315线的西宁-天峻路段和G227线的西宁-峨堡岭等路段。（2） 暴雨洪涝孕灾环境脆弱性风险自东南、东北向西逐渐降低，孕灾环境脆弱性风险较高的路段包括国道G227线的祁连路段和G214线的共和-囊谦等路段。（3） 承灾体暴露性的最高风险区主要集中在国道G109线的民和-共和路段和G227线的西宁-峨堡岭等路段。（4） 防灾减灾能力较高的区域主要分布在青海省西宁、海东、海北东部和海西西部等路段。（5） 青海省公路沿线暴雨洪涝灾害风险模型等级划分为暴雨洪涝最低风险（1级）、次低风险（2级）、中等风险（3级）、次高风险（4级）和最高风险（5级）。该风险模型可在气象灾害风险管理业务中进行应用，为地方交通运输部门防灾减灾救灾工作提供科学依据。
Subjects: Geosciences >> Atmospheric Sciences submitted time 2023-02-27 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract： Solar radiation is the primary energy source of the earth’s system and is closely related to human life. By selecting the monthly sunshine hour data of 50 meteorological observation stations in the Qinghai Plateau of China from 1961 to 2020, the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of sunshine hours in the Qinghai Plateau as a whole, different latitudes, and different altitudes were analyzed. The results are as follows: (1) The annual sunshine hours in the Qinghai Plateau exhibit a significant downward trend from 1961 to 2020, and a sudden decrease occurred in 2004. From the perspective of spatial distribution, the annual sunshine hours in other regions showed a significant decreasing trend except that the sunshine hours in some southern stations is flat or slightly increased. And the decreasing trend is most significant in Qaidam area and eastern agricultural area. (2) The decreasing trend of sunshine hours in high-latitude areas is significantly greater than that in low-latitude areas of the Qinghai Plateau. The variation trend of sunshine hours at different latitudes in spring is small. In summer and winter, the decreasing trend of sunshine hours at relatively high latitudes is significantly greater than that at low latitudes, and in autumn, the decreasing trend of sunshine hours at low and high latitudes is significantly greater than that at middle latitudes. (3) The decreasing trend of annual sunshine hours in relatively low-altitude areas of the Qinghai Plateau is significantly greater than that in relatively high-altitude areas. The change trend of sunshine hours at different altitudes in spring is small, flat, or slightly reduced. The decreasing trend of sunshine hours at relatively low altitudes is significantly greater than that at higher altitudes in summer and winter. The sunshine hours at different altitudes in autumn exhibit a decreasing trend, but there is a significant difference in the decreasing trend.
Hits
Hits
Downloads
Comment